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Buyer & Seller Guides

Plain-English answers for the situations the standard car-buying and selling advice never covers. Each guide ends with the right document for your transaction.

Seller Guide

How to Sell a Boat: Title, Registration, and Bill of Sale by State

Title vs registration, the Hull Identification Number, liens, selling with a trailer and motor, Coast Guard documentation, and a 50-state notary and title table.

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Seller Guide

How to Sell a Car Privately: Step-by-Step

Pricing, screening buyers, getting paid without falling for cashier-check fraud, the bill of sale, signing over the title, and filing your release of liability.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Used Car from a Private Seller

The full pre-purchase checklist: title verification, VIN check, odometer, test drive, walk-away signs, and what to put in the bill of sale.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Used Motorcycle from a Private Seller

Title and frame-number checks, reading a crashed bike, the cold start and test ride, theft history, and the bill of sale you need to register it.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Used Boat from a Private Seller

Title vs registration, HIN verification, the sea trial, hull and engine checks, the separate trailer paperwork, and the bill of sale you need.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Used Trailer from a Private Seller

When a trailer needs a title vs registration by weight, VIN checks, homemade-trailer rules, frame and bearing inspection, and the bill of sale you need.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Car to a Family Member

Gift versus sale, the $1 trap, sales tax exemptions for family transfers, title transfer, and why you still need a bill of sale.

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Buyer Guide

Seller Has No Title - What Now?

Lost title, never had a title, salvage, mechanic's lien, abandoned vehicle. Each scenario has a different fix and risk level.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Vehicle That Still Has a Loan

Payoff letters, lender title release, escrow options, and how to protect both parties when a lien is still on the title.

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Buyer Guide

Out-of-State Vehicle Purchase

Titling in your home state, sales tax credits, temporary tags, transport, and why a Vehicle POA often matters for out-of-state deals.

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Reference

Bill of Sale and POA - When You Need Both

The bill of sale documents the deal; the POA handles the logistics. Learn which situations require both and how they work together.

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Seller Guide

Selling "As-Is" - What It Actually Protects You From

As-is removes implied warranties but does not cover fraud. Learn what the clause protects, what it does not, and how to write it so it holds up.

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Reference

Trailer Titling - State Quirks and Weight Thresholds

Weight thresholds, registration vs titling, homemade trailer rules, and what paperwork a buyer needs for a private trailer purchase.

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Reference

Bonded Titles by State

How bonded titles work, which states allow them, what the bond costs, and the step-by-step DMV process when you have a bill of sale but no title.

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Buyer Guide

Title Jumping: Why It Is Illegal

Selling a vehicle without titling it in your name first is a crime in every state. How honest buyers get caught in it and how to spot the red flags before paying.

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Reference

Antique and Classic Vehicle Title Rules

Age thresholds vary from 20 to 30 years. Plate types, smog exemptions, mileage caps, and use restrictions vary by state. Here is what to expect.

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Reference

Removing a Co-Owner from a Vehicle Title

Divorce, death, gift, or buyout. AND vs OR vs JTWROS. What paperwork the DMV requires for each scenario and how to handle the uncooperative co-owner.

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Reference

Boat Title vs Registration

State title vs Coast Guard documentation, hull ID numbers, in-water transfers, and why the trailer is always a separate transaction.

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Reference

Firearm Transfer Between Family Members

Federal rules, which states require an FFL even for family transfers, interstate transfer requirements, and how to document the transaction.

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Reference

Mobile Home - Personal Property vs Real Property

When a mobile home is titled like a vehicle vs deeded like real estate, permanent affixation affidavits, and what sellers and buyers need to know.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Non-Running Project Car

Title status on a non-runner, transport options, what to inspect, parts-only and salvage title implications, and what to include in the bill of sale.

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Buyer Guide

Curbstoning - Signs of an Unlicensed Dealer

How to spot a curbstoner: multiple listings from one address, title not in seller's name, pressure tactics, and what protections you lose.

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Seller Guide

Selling an Inherited Vehicle

Executor authority, small-estate affidavit path, "or" vs "and" on the title, and when a Vehicle POA helps with inherited vehicle sales.

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Tool Tip

VIN Check and Odometer Verification

Free and paid VIN sources, what NMVTIS and NHTSA show, how to spot odometer rollback, and the federal disclosure requirements.

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Seller Guide

Gifting a Car to a Family Member

State gift forms, sales tax exemptions for family transfers, federal gift tax rules, and why a $0 bill of sale still matters.

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Seller Guide

Lost or Damaged Title - Getting a Duplicate

How to replace a lost, stolen, or damaged title. State timelines, fees, lien complications, and bonded titles for vehicles you never received a title for.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Totaled or Salvage-Title Vehicle

Disclosure rules for salvage, rebuilt, flood, and junk titles. Realistic pricing, who buys these vehicles, and how to write the bill of sale.

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Seller Guide

Selling to an Out-of-State Buyer

Whose state rules govern, where to notarize, plate handover, sales tax, temporary tags, and why a Vehicle POA matters for cross-state sales.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Car with Active Recalls

How to find open recalls, what private sellers must disclose, do-not-drive notices, and the bill of sale language that protects both sides.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Vehicle at Auction

Public, dealer, and government auctions each give you different paperwork. What is included, what is missing, and the bill of sale you may still need.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Boat With a Trailer

Boats and trailers title separately. Why two bills of sale beat one, how to allocate the price, and the registration steps for each.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Firearm at a Gun Show

Private sale rules by state, the universal background check states, and the bill of sale you should always sign for a private firearm transfer.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Mobile Home Without the Land

Mobile homes on rented lots are personal property. How the title works, park approval, lot rent, and traps that catch first-time buyers.

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Seller Guide

Bill of Sale for a Project or Unregistered Car

Selling a barn-find, project, or vehicle that has not been registered in years. Disclosures to make and how to avoid title-jumping by the buyer.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Vehicle to a Dealer or as Trade-In

How CarMax, Carvana, and trade-in offers work, the sales-tax credit on a trade, and when private sale still wins despite the convenience cost.

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Buyer Guide

Buying a Vehicle From an Estate or Probate

Who can sign the title when the owner has died, small-estate affidavits, executor authority, and the bill of sale that completes the transfer.

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Reference

Joint Ownership: Two Names on the Title

AND vs OR between owner names, survivorship language (JTWROS, TBE, TIC), what each means at sale time, and the bill of sale signatures required.

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Seller Guide

Selling a Vehicle to a Foreign Buyer or for Export

The 72-hour customs rule, AES filing, sales tax exemptions for export sales, foreign buyer scams to avoid, and the bill of sale port officials need.

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Reference

Abandoned Vehicles, Tow Yards, and Mechanic Liens

Three paths to a vehicle no one bought from a willing seller: abandonment, tow-yard lien sale, mechanic lien sale. The process, the title risk, and the bill of sale at the end.

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